{"id":52124,"date":"2021-12-29T21:49:22","date_gmt":"2021-12-29T19:49:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gahzly.com\/electrical-earthing-system-and-its-components\/"},"modified":"2022-05-30T16:19:43","modified_gmt":"2022-05-30T14:19:43","slug":"electrical-earthing-system-and-its-components","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gahzly.com\/en\/\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\/electrical-earthing-system-and-its-components\/","title":{"rendered":"Electrical earthing system and its components"},"content":{"rendered":"

Electrical earthing system and its components\"\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/h1>\n

Electrical earthing system and its components<\/h2>\n

electrical grounding system, The electrical grounding system is one of the important components of the electrical circuit that is used to protect people and sensitive electrical devices from electrical insulation breakdown and electrical current leakage.<\/span><\/p>\n

The electrical grounding system is of great importance in discharging static charges. And protect people from potential shocks and electric shocks as a result of insulation breakdown or contact.<\/span><\/p>\n

Follow this article with us to learn the importance and components of the electrical grounding system.<\/span><\/p>\n

electrical grounding system<\/p>\n

What is an electrical grounding system<\/b><\/h2>\n

It is the process of contacting a copper conductor between the metal objects of electrical loads, such as electric motors, transformers, main and sub panels, And between the ground electrode through which the accumulated current on the electrical load structures is delivered directly to the ground, Where its resistance is as low as one ohm only.<\/span><\/p>\n

How to connect the electrical grounding system<\/span><\/p>\n

The importance of electrical grounding system<\/b><\/h2>\n

All electrical networks are grounded for several reasons:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Protect people from electric shock.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Protect electrical appliances from possible faults.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Reduce the possibility of fires.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. It works to discharge static charges.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Protection of devices from sudden change in supply voltage (Voltage Surges).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The difference between the presence and absence of a grounding system<\/span><\/p>\n

    electrical hazards<\/b><\/h1>\n

    \"\" electrical hazards<\/span><\/p>\n

    electrical hazards, The dangers of electric current are among the factors that directly affect human life.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Where the electric current causes direct shock or shock when touching any part of the electrical conductors carrying the electric current.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Follow this article with us to know the causes of the dangers of electric current, And its impact on human life and the factors of different impact and degree of seriousness.<\/span><\/p>\n

    The effect of electric voltage (current) on humans<\/b><\/h2>\n

    When an electric current passes through the human body, It will cause some serious accidents such as burns, wounds or death, The risk ratio depends on the high voltage difference and the intensity of the current passing through its body. Therefore, when dealing with electricity, protective equipment and caution must be worn to ensure safety to avoid the dangers of electric current.<\/span><\/p>\n

    electrical grounding system<\/p>\n

    Factors affecting the current flowing in the human body<\/b><\/h2>\n

    There are several effects represented by the dangers of electric current, which are:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Thermal effect: It is the external combustion of the human body.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. Analytical effect: Resulting from the decomposition of blood and vital fluids.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. biological effect: muscle spasms, such as the muscles of the heart and lungs, that causes tissue rupture, Disruption of breathing and blood circulation in the human body.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Factors of difference in impact and degree of severity<\/b><\/h2>\n
        \n
      1. The direction of the current passing through.<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. The degree of intensity of the current flowing.<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. Duration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        The direction of the current passing through<\/b><\/h2>\n

        Electric current passes through the human body from different areas, It also comes out of other regions. Among the paths that pass through the human body are:<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. hand and the other hand.<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. hand and foot.<\/span><\/li>\n
        3. foot and the other foot.<\/span><\/li>\n
        4. Head and feet or both feet.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          All of these pathways represent the dangers of electric current to the human body.<\/span><\/p>\n

          electrical grounding system<\/p>\n

          The degree of intensity of the current passing through<\/b><\/h2>\n

          It is one of the factors affecting human life. It depends on the intensity of the current passing through the human body. The greater the intensity of the electric current passing through the human body, The more dangerous it becomes for him.<\/span><\/p>\n

          The effect of alternating current (AC) voltage on humans<\/b><\/h2>\n

          The effect of voltage on the human body depends on the value of the current and electric voltage together. The greater the value of the current passing through and the higher the value of the electric potential, The higher the risk, and therefore the alternating current must be careful.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Electrical earthing system and its components<\/p>\n

          The effect of constant voltage (current) on humans<\/b><\/h2>\n

          It is known that the battery does not affect the human body, This is because the value of the voltage between its poles is very low compared to the risks of alternating current, which has a value of up to 230V. And in some other countries it reaches 110V.<\/span><\/p>\n

          The dangers of continuous electric current passing through the human body may cause major burns and threaten his life.<\/span><\/p>\n

          human body resistance<\/b><\/h2>\n

          The structure of the human body varies from person to person and from man to woman according to its resistance against the dangers of electric current. Therefore, the greater the resistance of the human body, the better and the lower the risk. But this does not mean that you do not feel the electric shock, As we said before, if the intensity of the current passing through is high, this may pose a great danger to human life.<\/span><\/p>\n

          electrical grounding system<\/p>\n

          Factors affecting the resistance of the human body<\/b><\/h2>\n
            \n
          1. The thickness of the skin layer.<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. contact site.<\/span><\/li>\n
          3. How moist the skin is.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Electrical current in milliamperes<\/span><\/td>\nHow dangerous is it to humans?<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            10-0<\/span><\/td>\nNot feeling the electric current<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            50-10<\/span><\/td>\nFeel a slight shiver<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            100-50<\/span><\/td>\nIt cannot lift the part that is in contact with the power source<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            150-100<\/span><\/td>\nlost consciousness<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            200-150<\/span><\/td>\nlead to death<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            above 200<\/span><\/td>\nbody burns<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            An illustrative table of how dangerous the current passing through the human body is<\/span><\/p>\n

            electrical grounding system<\/h2>\n

            Duration<\/b><\/h2>\n

            It is one of the most important risks that determine the severity of the shock to the human body. Thus, the time period for the current to cross the human body increases, the more it affects it negatively.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            The maximum current in the body<\/span><\/td>\n Duration<\/span><\/td>\nHow dangerous is it to humans?<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            0-0.5<\/span><\/td>\ncontinuously<\/span><\/td>\nDoes not affect<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            0.5-5<\/span><\/td>\ncontinuously<\/span><\/td>\nfeeling light<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            5-30<\/span><\/td>\nseveral minutes<\/span><\/td>\nThe power source cannot be removed<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            50-30<\/span><\/td>\nseveral seconds<\/span><\/td>\nRapid heart rate with irregularity and fainting may occur<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            more than 100<\/span><\/td>\nMore than 20 milliseconds<\/span><\/td>\nIt leads to fainting and death<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            An illustrative table to determine the extent of the dangers of electric current to the human body during the period of time<\/span><\/p>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            Electrical earthing system and its components<\/h2>\n

            Components of an electrical grounding system<\/b><\/h2>\n
              \n
            1. terrestrial network: A set of copper conductors are connected between the metal structures and the ground.<\/span><\/li>\n
            2. Earth pit: It is the process of delivering a set of electrodes that are inserted into the ground, With the aim of good connection between the ground network and the surrounding soil.<\/span><\/li>\n
            3. main ground conductor: It is the conductor that is attached to a group of electrical appliances metals to a grounding electrode.<\/span><\/li>\n
            4. splicing connector: Through which all metal structures are connected to the main conductor, Then it is connected to the main ground conductor directly.<\/span><\/li>\n
            5. Functional grounding: Through which the neutral point of the electric power transformers is grounded, and grounding common points of current transformers.<\/span><\/li>\n
            6. Grounding for lightning protection: It works to protect the installations from the risks of fire and destruction resulting from the discharge of high current charges.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Earth resistance<\/b><\/h2>\n

              It is known that the mass of the Earth has a very low resistance, But that does not mean that every place on earth has the same value of resistance, What is meant here is that each soil type has a certain value.<\/span><\/p>\n

              for example, Wet soil containing salts that have very low resistance, Compared with dry and desert land, which increases its resistance slightly.<\/span><\/p>\n

              soil quality resistance<\/b><\/h2>\n

              The value of the specific resistance changes based on the quality and percentage of moisture and the amount of salts present in it. All this directly affects the connection of the electrical grounding system.<\/span><\/p>\n

              And do not forget that the grounding electrode is subject to the passage of high short-circuit currents as well, This has a negative effect on the copper conductors and the conductive electrodes in the soil if the short-circuit current through the conductors and electrodes is relatively long.<\/span><\/p>\n

              To avoid this problem, the short-circuit current per meter of electrode length should not be more than the value calculated from the following equation:<\/span><\/p>\n

              Current law of the electrical grounding circuit<\/span><\/p>\n

              \"\"<\/p>\n

              The difference between the cold line (neutral) and the grounding line<\/b><\/h2>\n

              Neutral: It is the line in the electrical circuit. Its function is to close the circuit in order for the natural current to pass to the source of supply.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Neutral line connection<\/span><\/p>\n

              Grounding System: It is installed on the electric load structure in order to protect the load from electrical faults, And discharge the accumulated charges on the metal structure.<\/span><\/p>\n

              If there is no ground system in the electrical network, This will adversely affect the electrical appliances.<\/span><\/p>\n

               <\/p>\n

              Types of grounding systems<\/b><\/h1>\n

              \"\"electrical grounding system
              \n<\/span><\/p>\n

              types of grounding systems, In this article, we present to you the most famous types of grounding systems used to protect individuals from the risk of electric shock resulting from short insulation and its collapse.<\/span><\/p>\n

              The importance of grounding is also to prevent the danger of electrical discharge caused by lightning strikes. And protect electrical equipment equipment from changes that may occur in the feeding direction.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Follow this article with us to learn about the types of grounding systems, their advantages and how to connect them.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Types of grounding systems<\/b><\/h2>\n