apartment

So, if the apartment is old, plus one-room (for example, Khrushchev), the wiring diagram for wiring will look like this:

As you can see, in this connection diagram, the switchboard does not have a PE bus, because in the old Khrushchevs, there is no grounding. As for the elements of the electrical circuit, it consists of a two-pole circuit breaker, an electricity meter, and group machines.

One machine serves the lighting group, the second sockets, the third – the washing machine. If you have a ground loop, the electrical circuit of the switchboard assembly in the apartment will look like the circuit shown in the example below.

Important! It is prohibited to install RCDs in a two-wire power supply network in accordance with the PUE and a number of other regulatory documents, so this issue gives rise to a lot of controversy . Each specialist has his own opinion on this issue.

On the one hand, the protective and working conductor cannot be torn apart, on the other hand, there will be no chance of survival at all if you fit the “phase” “Good”. It is allowed to install RCDs in a two-wire power network as a temporary measure with a future transition to a full-fledged network with an earthed protective conductor (PE), type – TN-C-S, TN-S.

The dotted line (1) indicates the switchboard housing, (2) and (3) indicate zero and ground bus. The fourth element of the project is the comb that connects the circuit breakers. (5) – single-phase RCD at 40 A and a leakage current of 30 mA, well, and (6) – group machines (3 to 16 A and 1 to 25, for furnace connection) At the input, a single-pole circuit breaker is installed with a value Nominal 40 amps.

The lower row of the electrical circuit consists of residential consumers – a set of lighting, sockets and powerful electrical appliances (in our case, stoves).

Well, there are still spacious apartments with electric heating and a set of powerful consumers of electricity. In this case, the electrical circuit of the input distribution board will be more serious and the number of automatic machines will not be inferior to that of a private house. So, I bring to your attention, a distribution board diagram for an apartment with an improved layout:

With such a large number of electricity consumers, there should be a three-phase network (380 V) and at the input, respectively, a three-pole 63 A circuit breaker.For the rest, there is an RCD for 40 A, and a set of automatic machines for 16 and 25 A. (depending on the purpose), well, and a separate residual current device for electrical wiring in the bathroom, with a leakage current of no more than 30 mA.

Also remember that to power the electric stove, you must use a cable with a cross-section of conductive wires of at least 6 square meters. mm, take into account the real power of the electric stove and check if 6 square meters is enough. mm sections.

Focusing on the presented schemes for connecting an apartment panel, design your own version and proceed with electrical work! About how to assemble a distribution panel with your own hands!

Private house

In a private house there can be either a single- or three-phase power supply network. In the first case, the wiring diagram will be similar to the project for commissioning a one-room apartment. The simplest option for connecting a dashboard for a residential building will look like this:

In a 220V home switchboard circuit, there is a double-pole switch at the input, then an electric meter is connected, followed by a UZO and a set of single-pole circuit breakers. Everything is very simple and at the same time in accordance with GOST, PUE and other document requirements. If a three-phase network is connected to your site, the circuit diagram of the flap assembly will look different.

Consumers can already be added from outbuildings – a garage, utility block or even a bathtub. The shield, of course, will be large and have many branches, so for example we found a rather convenient option.

Distribution board diagram for a private house at 380 V:

I would like to add a small description of this circuit diagram:

1. A separate line is reserved for the garage power supply, protected by a residual current device. The remaining two install a set of outlets and garage lighting.
2. If the house has three-phase electricity consumers, it is better to connect them through a three-phase circuit breaker and a four-pole RCD, as shown in the example above. If there are no three-phase electrical appliances, you can use the project presented below.

The last two circuits of the 380V switchboard can be used not only to power an individual residential building, but also to power a spacious suburban cottage! We also recommend taking a look at the article on how to connect wires at home!