The effect of electricity on humans
The effect of electricity on humans
The effect of electric current on the human body. How tolerant is the human body when exposed to an electric shock? Is it fatal or does the risk rate depend on the path of the passing current, its intensity, and passage time? All of this we will learn about in this article.
The effect of electricity on humans: effects and risk factors
The passage of electric current through the human body carries negative effects, including thermal effects, analytical effects, and biological effects, and the seriousness of these effects varies according to several main factors.
1. Thermal effect:
The thermal effect appears as a result of the heating that occurs in the external parts of the body as a result of the heating of the blood vessels. This heating can cause burns and tissue damage.
2. Analytical impact:
The lytic effect is the decomposition of blood and other vital fluids, damaging their physical and chemical composition. This decomposition can affect several organs and vital functions.
3. Biological effect:
The biological effect appears to be irritation of living tissue, and can be accompanied by involuntary spasmodic contractions of muscles, including the muscles of the heart and lungs. This irritation can lead to tissue rupture and disruption of breathing and blood circulation.
Risk factors:
The degree of seriousness of the effect of electrical current varies according to three main factors:
1. The path of current in the body:
Two areas or points, namely where the current enters and exits, determine the path of the current in the human body. This path can be short or long depending on the situation.
2. Current intensity:
The severity of the impact increases with the increase in the intensity of the current, and the value of the current is determined by the voltage of the conductor that the person touched and the resistance of the human body.
3. Electrical resistance of the human body:
The resistance value is affected by several factors, such as skin moisture and the thickness of the skin layer. The resistance is lower if the body is hydrated and greater if the skin layer is thick.
The effect of the time of passage of current in the body
The third factor that affects the seriousness of electric shock is the length of time the current passes through the body. For example, a small current that passes through the body for a long period of time may be more dangerous than a high current that passes for a short period. The following is a table that highlights the relationship between the intensity of the current and its passage time:
| Current strength (mA) | Passing time (sec) | Severity of shock |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3 | Low |
| 10 | 0.3 | Medium |
| 100 | 0.03 | High |
| 1000 | 0.003 | Serious |
To avoid harmful effects resulting from the passage of electric current through the human body, preventive measures must be taken. Among these procedures:
- Electrical insulation : A person must always stand on an insulated surface when dealing with electrical circuits that carry high voltage, and wear insulating gloves.
- Grounding : Grounding helps direct electrical current away from the human body. Therefore, vulnerable parts, such as electrical tools, must be grounded.
Ultimately, electricity must always be handled with caution in accordance with approved safety procedures to avoid health and personal safety risks.
The effect of electricity on humans
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