Types of electrical discharge

There are no types of electrical discharge, but there are three types of static generation generated due to electrical discharge, and they are: “contact and separation, static accumulation, and frictional accumulation.” They are the three reasons that lead to the emergence of static electricity, but first, let us know what electrical discharge is.

Static electricity arises as a result of an imbalance. This happens to an atom by gaining an electron or by losing an electron. In order to know how this happens, you must know what happens in each of the three types:

• Generation of static electricity caused by contact:

In this type, the two bodies must be separate from each other in order for contact to occur, which leads to the generation of a fixed charge. This is done by transferring an electron from one body to the other.

• Static accumulation

The second type in which static electricity is generated due to the constant accumulation of separation, and is similar in technology to generating contact electricity, but the materials are actually in contact with each other, but static electricity is generated when the surfaces of objects are separated from each other.

Here the electrons cannot return to their initial state, but the amount of static electricity that results from separate static accumulation is much greater than the static accumulation that results from contact, and this is due to the large surface area.

• Frictional accumulation

As for the third type, static generation occurs through the accumulation of static friction. This occurs when there is friction between two bodies, which causes the transfer of electrons located in the outer valence of molecules from one atom to another smoothly.

Even if the force increases, which causes greater pressure, this leads to greater contact between the molecules, which causes an increase in the resulting charge. We conclude that the static accumulation caused by friction certainly causes higher charges than the static accumulation caused by contact.

Types of electrical discharge and their uses

Uses of electrical discharge for the task

Many people are exposed to this type of electrostatic discharge more than once in their lives, and it is completely harmless and not beneficial either. Electrostatic discharge is, for example, feeling an electric shock, but it is very mild when touching some things.

Such as the door handle or when you get out of the car. In the fifteenth century, people had to deal with static electricity before it was recognized as a type of energy source.

But ESD electrostatic discharge equipment is based on transferring static electricity charges, and this happens by discharging the charges in a safe manner, and this happens with the aim of:

1. First, prevent the accumulation of static electricity,
2. Static electricity discharge is generated safely.
3. Finally, protecting people and products from the effects of accidental discharge.

Among the most common devices that have been designed based on electrical discharge are:

1. Anti-static work benches.
2. Grounding wires.
3. Antistatic tools.
4. Anti-static gloves.
5. ESD rubber.
6. Antistatic clothing.

Because static electricity has negative effects on the quality of products and also the safety of production workers, such as the occurrence of problems in processing paper and fabrics as well as when producing plastic, so tools were created to unload them and also monitor static charging, including:

1. Trek 341B: This device features a high speed, high voltage and electrostatic voltmeter.
2. Trek 541A: Non-contact voltmeter for EOS and ESD operations
3. Trek 875: It is an electrostatic voltage sensor designed specifically for indoor monitoring of the build-up of electrostatic charges.
4. Trek 520 Series: It is a portable voltmeter

Electrical discharge of gases

Gases are discharged using a glass tube called a discharge tube. The operating tube comes in a cylindrical shape with a side tube, and at each end is a metal electrode so they can conduct electricity through it. Air is pumped into the tube by an air pump to maintain pressure in the tube.

It has been found that the presence of gases cannot conduct electricity no matter how intense the voltage used, which may reach 10,000 volts, which is a very large electrical voltage, but it was discovered that they can conduct electricity when there is low pressure, and this was discovered by the scientist William Crookes, and he concluded that Through several experiments, including:

• When exposed to pressure of 10-2 atmospheres, this causes irritation around the cathode, the negative electrode, by leaving a small space between it and the electrode, which is the dark space, so that the current begins to flow from one electrode to another.
• At a pressure of 10-3 atmospheres, this causes the entire tube to glow, and the color of the glow changes depending on the gas present, and also on the color of the glass used.
• When the pressure reaches 10-5 atmospheres, the glow reaches the rest of the tube, which is opposite the cathode, emitting cathode rays from the cathode. Therefore, it was concluded that when an electric discharge passes, cathode rays are produced, but this is only when it passes at a very low pressure.
• The vacuum tube is used in billboards in shopping centers and road signs, which are filled with neon gas, or neon gas and other types of gases are used at very low pressure because the gases give glows of changing colors.
• The color of the glass also affects the color change and glow, as well as the lights and flares caused by sodium gas, which is the gas used in making street lighting lamps.

drain pipe

It is a glass tube. The tube is filled with gas by arranging electrodes in an insulating and heat-resistant casing. These tubes work to ionize the gas in the tube so that it can conduct electricity.

The voltage required to be able to discharge depends on the packaging and the geometry of the tube. Ceramic is used in manufacturing the tube in addition to the conventional glass. However, military tubes use metal lined with glass to meet the cold cathode and hot cathode devices.

As for the cathode, it is an electronic beam or beam. These rays are observed inside the discharge tube, even if there are two electrodes on the sides that enable you to observe the glow.

Types of electrical discharge and their uses

As for modern tubes, they use thermal emission, in which the cathode consists of a thin thermal wire that is heated by an electric current, which causes the loss of some electrons because they have negative charges, so the cathode repels them and attracts the other electrode, which is the positive electrode.

They will move in straight lines and the voltage between the electrodes will cause the particles to accelerate from low mass until they reach high speeds inside the tube. The cathode rays were invisible rays, but when they collided with the glass wall, they caused a color to glow depending on the gas present and also according to the degree of transparency. Glass with tube.