Name of the material that covers electrical wires

The name of the material that covers electrical wires is insulator.

The materials used in electrical wires allow the flow of electrical current and electrical charges in one direction or multiple directions. The wires are made of metals that contain free electrons, meaning they are good conductors of electrical current such as graphite and copper. Therefore, metals need an insulator so that electrical current does not leak. When it touches the body of the person using it, if you want to charge your mobile phone, all you have to do is connect it to the charger.

You connect the charger to the socket, which allows the electrons in the conductive wires to charge your phone, and with the presence of the insulator it prevents the flow of free electrical current, or electrical charges, as insulating materials are weak conductors of electricity, you may have noticed that the outer side of your phone charger is made of plastic. This prevents electricity from reaching your skin while using it.

Of the materials covering electrical wires

One of the materials covering electrical wires is rubber.

The property of conducting electricity depends on the movement of the electron because protons and neutrons do not have movement. They only establish bonds with protons and other neutrons in atomic nuclei. Organic molecules are often insulators because they are linked to each other through covalent bonds. However, most Materials are somewhere in between being good conductors or good insulators, as hydrogen bonding helps stabilize many molecules.

But if more energy is provided, the electrons will begin to move. Some materials in their pure form are considered insulators, but they can become good conductors. For example: Ceramic is considered an excellent insulator, but if you install it, you can get a good conductor. For electricity, and if you look at water in its different states, you will find that pure water is an insulator of electricity, while unclean water is a weak conductor of electricity, while salt water is a good conductor of electricity. Here are some of the most effective insulating materials:

• Plastic.
• Wax.
• Rubber.
• Dry air.
• Fiber glass.
• Ceramic.
• Mica.
• Quartz.
• Porcelain.
• Asphalt.
• Pure water.
• the oil.
• Diamonds.
• Dry wood.
• Dry cotton.
• Dry paper.

A material that conducts electrical charges

Silver is a material that conducts electrical charges.

Under normal conditions of pressure and temperature, silver is considered one of the best electrical conductors, but it is not considered an ideal choice due to its high price and because it is susceptible to tarnishing. Here are the most effective electrical conductors:

• Silver.
• gold.
• Copper.
• Aluminium.
• Mercury.
• Steel.
• Iron.
• Salt water.
• Cement.
• Platinum.
• Bronze.
• Lemonade.

Factors affecting electrical conductivity

• Shape and size of the material.
• temperature.

There are some factors that affect a material’s conduction of electricity. Here are some of them:

Shape and size of the material : The shape and size of the material affect the degree to which the material conducts electrical current. For example, a thin piece of a certain material will work better than a piece of the same size and length, but thicker. If the two pieces are equal in thickness but different in length, then The shorter piece will be better at electrical conductivity, because it has less resistance. Imagine that you are pushing water through a short pipe and a long pipe, which one will be easier? Of course, the shorter one, as the distance is less, and the resistance is less.

Temperature  : High or low temperatures affect the material’s conduction of electrical current. Atoms and electrons gain energy as temperature rises. Glass, for example, is considered an insulator when cold, while it becomes a good conductor of electrical current when heated. On the contrary, some conductors Good for electric current, they work more efficiently when cooled, and their efficiency decreases at high temperatures, and sometimes the flow of electric current causes an increase in the temperature of conductive materials due to the movement of electrons and resistance.

The importance of using the material that covers electrical wires

• Insulating materials prevent the passage of high voltage in the electrical circuit.
• The use of insulating materials helps reduce energy consumption costs.
• The use of insulating materials contributes to preserving the environment by rationalizing the emission of pollutants.
• With the use of insulating materials, the process of transmitting electrical current through wires improves.
• Insulating materials protect human skin from shock and electrocution.
• Insulating materials help isolate the sounds of appliances.
• Insulating materials are used in electrical circuits, high-voltage devices, cables, wire coatings, and street lamps.

Dealing with electrical appliances

• Avoid overloading electrical outlets with voltage.
• Plug essential electrical appliances such as refrigerator and oven directly into the wall, without a transformer or extension cord.
• If you travel, or stop using a specific device for a period, unplug it from electricity, to protect the devices and save energy.
• Use the appropriate wattage for each device, recommended on the power label.
• Try not to pass wires under carpets, doors, and windows, to avoid tripping over wires and avoiding electrical accidents.
• Consult an electrician to add more electrical outlets instead of using extensions and transformers.
• Instead of reusing and reconnecting damaged extension cords, dispose of them to avoid sparks, electrical surges, and electrical fires.
• Use extension cords that have a surge protector.
• Keep electrical tools a safe distance from water sources.
• In the kitchen, restroom, and in electrical outlets near water sources use ground fault circuit outlets, or GFCI receptacles. This technology can turn off the power immediately when a short circuit is detected.
• Call an electrician or repair professional when lights flicker, circuits trip frequently, you see sparks, or you smell burning rubber.